Lonicera oblongifolia - Swamp Fly Honeysuckle

The unintentional theme lately has been under-utilized native plants and their cultivars, so let's continue that shall we?

Swamp Fly Honeysuckle, Lonicera oblongifolia, is a boreal species found in the US and Canada.  Its range is limited to the northern tier of states from Minnesota east to Maine and Saskatchewan through Quebec.  You can find it growing natural in wet wooded edges along swamps, marshes, and streams.

Generally growing 3-4' tall and wide, L. oblongifolia makes a great shrub for light shade or partial sun.  Despite its preference for wet habitats, it does quite well in average garden conditions as long as clay soils are avoided and has a moderate growth rate.  Creamy white to pale yellow flowers are slightly fragrant and borne in pairs typically in June.  These flowers are then followed by orange to red berries in July and August.  Like other species of Lonicera, the flowers are attractive to bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds and the berries are loved by birds.  Leaves are blue-green and slightly hairy.  They will develop some yellow fall color, while it isn't spectacular it is fairly nice.

While certainly not as showy as a Hydrangea or some of the non-native honeysuckle species, Lonicera oblongifolia deserves wider garden use.  It's great as a background or filler plant and works well in slightly shaded wet sites.  It has high wildlife value and is rather uncommon throughout its range.  Give it a try!

Lonicera villosa - Mountain Fly Honeysuckle

Most people hear the word honeysuckle and they think of either the invasive tartarian honeysuckle that takes over our forest lands or the flowering vine.  The genus Lonicera is quite large however, and contains a number of excellent garden plants.

One such plant is our native mountain fly honeysuckle, Lonicera villosa.  This is a shrubby boreal species found in moist areas in the northern US and ranging north through the Canadian arctic.  This northern range makes it very hardy, certainly to zone 3 and probably through zone 2 depending on the provenance of the seed.  The strain I'm growing is from here in Wisconsin.

Despite being found almost exclusively in wet areas like stream banks, marshes, bogs, and fens; this species is actually pretty adaptable and is doing just fine in my shaded garden with average moisture.  It does appreciate some direct sun and extra water during drought.  Organic rich soil is also appreciated.

Growth on my plant has been moderate to slow.  It can reach up to 5 feet tall and wide.  Currently after a number of years my plant is about 2 feet tall.  I imagine with a little more sun and moisture it would be faster growing, but it seems happy enough growing in the same conditions as my shade plants.  I grow it with Rhododendron, Hosta, Polygonatum, and Solidago flexicaulis 'Variegata'.

L. villosa has a much more refined texture than the weedy L. tatarica.  The twigs are finely textured and leaves are fairly small and bright green. In fall the leaves turn a nice clear yellow.  It isn't as bright as other yellow fall colors in the garden, but it is fairly clean and a good blend with other fall colors in the shade garden.

Blooming begins in May as the plant begins to leaf out, the flowers are small, white, and very lightly scented.  Bees love the flowers.  I imagine butterflies and hummingbirds would also like the flowers, though it blooms a bit too early here for either of them.

In late-June to mid-July blue-black fruits are formed.  They are edible and supposedly somewhat tasty.  L. villosa is closely related to L. caerulea, which is currently gaining more attention for its edible fruits and is being marketed as honeyberry.  The fruits are said to taste similar, and I can attest to honeyberry being quite good and similar to blueberry in flavor.  While my L. villosa did set fruit this year, I didn't think to try it.  I let the birds, who are quite fond of the fruit, have it.

Despite all of this plant's great attributes it's almost completely ignored for gardens.  It's nearly impossible to find in the trade, even from native plant specialty nurseries. While it certainly isn't as showy as a Hydrangea or Rhododendron, it is very worthy of garden space.  The early spring flowers are lovely and it's an excellent food plant for wildlife.  It's easy to grow and not terribly fussy.  We occasionally offer a few in the shop when we take the time to root some cuttings or grow some seed.  Give it a try sometime!